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EPA Tables

The EPA tab in the bottom panel shows Effective Projected Area per section and wind direction.

Columns

ColumnDescriptionUnit
SectionSection number (1 = bottom)
HeightSection elevation rangem
Gross AreaTotal face area of the panel
Af (flat)Projected area of angular/flat members
Ar (round)Projected area of round members
Solidity Ratio(Af + Ar) / Gross Area
CfForce coefficient per TIA-222-H Table 2-8
RrRound member reduction factor
Df, DrDirection factors for flat and round members per Table 2-7
EPAEffective Projected Area
qzVelocity pressure at section midpointN/m²
FSTDesign wind force = qz × Gh × EPAkN

Per Wind Direction

EPA is reported separately for each wind direction:

  • Triangular: 9 total directions (3 faces × 3 approach patterns)
  • Square: 8 total directions (4 faces × 2 approach patterns)

The governing direction varies by section — bottom sections may be governed by 0° while upper sections (with antennas) may be governed by the direction facing the antennas.

What to Look For

  • High solidity ratio (> 0.3) — section has a lot of steel, consider lighter bracing
  • EPA spikes at specific sections — usually where antennas are mounted
  • FST distribution — forces should generally decrease from bottom to top (wider base = more area, but also higher qz at top)